Libido · Melanocortin receptor agonist
PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
- Drug class
- Melanocortin receptor agonist
- Status
- FDA-approved · HSDD
- Also known as
- Bremelanotide, Vyleesi
- Reviewed
- 2026-06-01 · Dr. Ana Lisa Carr, MD
What PT-141 (Bremelanotide) is studied for
- Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women (FDA-approved)
- Sexual arousal and desire research in men and women
- Erectile dysfunction (off-label, limited evidence)
Mechanism of action
Non-selective agonist of melanocortin receptors (primarily MC4R) in the hypothalamus. Activates the central sexual desire circuit upstream of dopamine release — independent of vascular pathways.
Frequently asked questions
How is PT-141 / Vyleesi used?
Subcutaneous injection (autoinjector for Vyleesi) 45 minutes before anticipated sexual activity. No more than once per 24 hours and no more than 8 doses per month.
What are the side effects?
Nausea (most common, ~40%), flushing, headache, and transient blood-pressure increase (~6 mmHg). Hyperpigmentation has been reported with frequent use.
Who should not use it?
Uncontrolled hypertension or known cardiovascular disease — the transient BP rise is the main safety concern. A clinician should review every case.
Does it work for men?
PT-141 has shown effects on erectile function and desire in male trials but is not FDA-approved for men. Off-label use exists; evidence is preliminary.