Cardiovascular Disease

Authoritative sources

• Wikidata (Q736715)
• MeSH (D002318)
• Wikipedia

Evidence base

• Randomized Controlled Trial · 2016 · Landmark

  Vascular Effects of Early versus Late Postmenopausal Treatment with Estradiol

  New England Journal of Medicine · Hodis HN, Mack WJ, Henderson VW, et al. (ELITE Trial)

  This trial provided direct evidence for the "timing hypothesis": starting HRT early in menopause protects arteries, while starting it late does not.

• Randomized Controlled Trial · 2002 · Landmark

  Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women

  JAMA · Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. (Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative)

  The Women's Health Initiative was the landmark trial that reshaped how doctors prescribe hormone therapy after menopause. Later re-analyses showed the risk profile is very different for women who start HRT closer to menopause.

• Randomized Controlled Trial · 2026

  A Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Oral PCSK9 Inhibitor Enlicitide

  The New England journal of medicine · Navar AM, Mikhailova E, Catapano AL, Banka P, et al.

• Randomized Controlled Trial · 2025

  Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in People With Type 2 Diabetes, According to SGLT2i Use: Prespecified Analyses of the SOUL Randomized Trial

  Circulation · Marx N, Deanfield JE, Mann JFE, Arechavaleta R, et al.

• Randomized Controlled Trial · 2025

  Safety and Efficacy of Obicetrapib in Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk

  The New England journal of medicine · Nicholls SJ, Nelson AJ, Ditmarsch M, Kastelein JJP, et al.

• Phase III Clinical Trial · 2025

  Cardiovascular Outcomes with Tirzepatide versus Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes

  The New England journal of medicine · Nicholls SJ, Pavo I, Bhatt DL, Buse JB, et al.

• Randomized Controlled Trial · 2024

  Inclisiran administration potently and durably lowers LDL-C over an extended-term follow-up: the ORION-8 trial

  Cardiovascular research · Wright RS, Raal FJ, Koenig W, Landmesser U, et al.

• Meta-Analysis · 2024

  Cardiovascular disease risk communication and prevention: a meta-analysis

  European heart journal · Bakhit M, Fien S, Abukmail E, Jones M, et al.

• Randomized Controlled Trial · 2023

  Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection

  The New England journal of medicine · Grinspoon SK, Fitch KV, Zanni MV, Fichtenbaum CJ, et al.

• Meta-Analysis · 2023

  Red meat consumption, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  European heart journal · Shi W, Huang X, Schooling CM, Zhao JV

• Randomized Controlled Trial · 2022

  Cardiovascular and kidney outcomes with finerenone in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the FIDELITY pooled analysis

  European heart journal · Agarwal R, Filippatos G, Pitt B, Anker SD, et al.

• Systematic Review · 2021

  Effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise on metabolic syndrome parameters and cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

  Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · Liang M, Pan Y, Zhong T, Zeng Y, et al.

Where Cardiovascular Disease appears on Kindr Health