Knowledge Graph · Condition

Postmenopause

The stage of life after menopause has been reached.

Authoritative sources

Position Statement · 2022 · Landmark
The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society
Menopause · The NAMS 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement Advisory Panel
The most-cited modern clinical guideline: for most women in early menopause with bothersome symptoms, the benefits of HRT outweigh the risks.
Randomized Controlled Trial · 2004 · Landmark
Effects of Conjugated Equine Estrogen in Postmenopausal Women with Hysterectomy
JAMA · Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR, et al.
For women without a uterus, estrogen-only therapy showed a much more favorable risk profile than the combined therapy arm.
Randomized Controlled Trial · 2002 · Landmark
Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women
JAMA · Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. (Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative)
The Women's Health Initiative was the landmark trial that reshaped how doctors prescribe hormone therapy after menopause. Later re-analyses showed the risk profile is very different for women who start HRT closer to menopause.

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